Renewable
Energy :- Renewable energyis derived from natural processes that
are replenished constantly such assolar, wind, ocean, hydropower, biomass,
geothermal resources, biofuels andhydrogen.
Type
of Renewable energy
1. Solar
2. Wind
3. Ocean
4. Hydropower
5. Biomass
6. Geothermal
7. Biofuels
8. Hydrogen
Solar Energy :-
Sun is the primary source of energy. Sunlight is a clean, renewable source of
energy. It is a sustainable resource, meaning it doesn’t run out, but can be
maintained because the sun shines almost every day. Coal or gas are not
sustainable or renewable: once they are gone, there is none left. More and more
people are wanting to use clean, renewable energy such as solar energy, wind,
geothermal steam and others. It is called ‘Green Power’. It lights our houses
by day, dries our clothes and agricultural produce, keeps us warm and lots
more. Its potential is however much larger.
Wind Energy :-
Wind is the natural movement of air across the land or sea. The wind when used
to turn the blades of a wind mill turns the shaft to which they are attached.
This movement of shaft through a pump or generator produces electricity. The
Potential for wind power generation for grid interaction has been estimated at
about 1,02,788 MW taking sites having wind power density greater than 200 W/sq.
m at 80 m hub-height with 2% land availability in potential areas for setting
up wind farms @ 9 MW/sq. km. India now has the 4th largest wind power installed
capacity in the world which has reached 34986.35 MW (as on Oct, 2018). Private
agencies own 95 % of the wind farms in India.
Biomass :-
The plants fix solar energy through the process of photosynthesis to produce
biomass. This biomass passes through various cycles producing different forms
of energy sources. For example, fodder for animals that in turn produce dung,
agricultural waste for cooking, etc. The current availability of biomass in
India is estimated at about 500 million MT per annum, with an estimated surplus
biomass availability of about 120 – 150 million metric tons per annum covering
agricultural and forestry residues. This corresponds to a potential of about
18,000 MW. An additional 7000 MW power could be generated through bagasse based
cogeneration in the country’s Sugar mills.
Biofuels :-
Biofuels are predominantly produced from biomass feed stocks or as a by-product
from the industrial processing of agricultural or food products, or from the
recovery and reprocessing of products such as cooking and vegetable oil.
Biofuel contains no petroleum, but it can be blended at any level with
petroleum fuel to create a biofuel blend. It can be used in conventional
healing equipment or diesel engine with no major modification. Biofuel is
simple to use, biodegradable, non-toxic and essentially free of Sulphur and
aroma.
Water :-
The flowing water and the tides in the sea are sources of energy. Heavy
investments are made on large projects. In recent years, hydel energy (through
mini and small hydel power plants) is also used to reach power to remote
villages which are unelectrified. The estimated potential of Small Hydro Power
is about 15,000 MW in the country. As on October 2018, the installed capacity
of Small hydro projects (upto 3MW) amounts to 4506.95 MW.
Geothermal Energy :-
Geothermal Energy is heat stored in earth crust and being used for electric
generation and also for direct heat application. Geothermal literally means
heat generated by earth. Various resource assessment carried out by agencies
established the potential 10600 MWth /1000MWe spread over 340 hot springs
across seven Geothermal provinces/11 states.
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Source:-
Loom Solar
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